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Daily Dawn Vocabulary December 06, 2020
Incur (verb)
پانا، لینا، مول لینا
"become subject to (something unwelcome or unpleasant) as a result of one’s own behaviour or actions"
Example: I will pay any expenses incurred.
Synonyms: suffer, sustain, experience, bring upon oneself, expose oneself to, lay oneself open to, run up
Antonyms: avoid
Promulgate (verb)
اعلان کرنا، منادی کرنا
"promote or make widely known (an idea or cause)"
Example: these objectives have to be promulgated within the organization.
Synonyms: make known, make public, publicize, spread, communicate, propagate, disseminate
Antonyms: repress, conceal, suppress, stifle
Incumbent (adjective)
سرکاری ملازم، عہدہ دار
"necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility"
Example: the government realized that it was incumbent on them to act.
Synonyms: inding, obligatory, mandatory, necessary, compulsory, required, requisite
Antonyms: optional
Defunct (adjective)
متوفی، مرحوم، مردہ
"no longer existing or functioning"
Example: the now defunct Somerset & Dorset railway line.
Synonyms: disused, no longer in use, unused, inoperative, non-functioning, unusable, obsolete
Antonyms: working, extant
Expedite (verb)
پھرتی، جلد بازی کرنا
"make (an action or process) happen sooner or be accomplished more quickly"
Example: he promised to expedite economic reforms.
Synonyms: speed up, accelerate, hurry, hasten, step up, quicken, precipitate, rush, advance
Antonyms: delay, hinder
Repertoire (noun)
ذخیرہ، مخزن
"the whole body of items which are regularly performed"
Example: the mainstream concert repertoire.
Synonyms: collection, stock, range, repertory, reserve, store, repository, supply, stockpile
Antonyms: decrement, disassembly
Subterfuge (noun)
حجلت، حیلہ، عذر
"deceit used in order to achieve one’s goal"
Example: he had to use subterfuge and bluff on many occasions.
Synonyms: trickery, intrigue, deviousness, evasion, deceit, deception, dishonesty, cheating
Antonyms: honesty, openness
Illegitimate (adjective)
ناجائز ، خلاف قانون
"not authorized by the law; not in accordance with accepted standards or rules"
Example: defending workers against illegitimate managerial practices.
Synonyms: illegal, unlawful, illicit, against the law, criminal, lawbreaking, actionable, felonious
Antonyms: legitimate, lawful
Sprawl (verb)
بے ڈھنگے انداز سے بدن کا پھیلنا
"sit, lie, or fall with one’s arms and legs spread out in an ungainly way"
Example: the door shot open, sending him sprawling across the pavement.
Synonyms: stretch out, lounge, loll, lie, lie down, lie back, recline, drape oneself, be recumbent
Antonyms: contain, limit, restrict
Distinct (adjective)
الگ الگ ، مختلف،صاف
"recognizably different in nature from something else of a similar type"
Example: the patterns of spoken language are distinct from those of writing.
Synonyms: clear, clear-cut, definite, well defined, sharp, marked, decided, unmistakable
Antonyms: indistinct, fuzzy, indefinite
Jettison (verb)
ترک کرنا، دستبرداری
"abandon or discard (someone or something that is no longer wanted)"
Example: the scheme was jettisoned.
Synonyms: dump, drop, ditch, discharge, eject, throw out, empty out, pour out, tip out
Antonyms: load, keep, retain
Durable (adjective)
دیرپا، پائیدار، دائمی
"able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; hard-wearing"
Example: porcelain enamel is strong and durable”.
Synonyms: long-lasting, hard-wearing, heavy-duty, tough, resistant, strong, sturdy, stout
Antonyms: flimsy, delicate, short-lived
Dignitary (noun)
بہت اہم شخصیت، معزز افسر
"a person considered to be important because of high rank or office"
Example: the guests included former shareholders, local dignitaries, and many of the people directly involved with the project”.
Synonyms: grandee, important person, VIP, very important person, notable, notability, worthy
Antonyms: nonentity
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