Introduction
A Political ideology is a set of ideas, beliefs, values, and opinions, exhibiting a recurring pattern, that competes deliberately as well as unintentionally over providing plans of action for public policy making in an attempt to justify, explain, contest, or change the social and political arrangements and processes of a political community. The concept of ideology is subject to partly incompatible conceptual interpretations. The Marxist tradition views it pejoratively as distorted consciousness, reflecting an exploitative material reality, that can be overcome through
unmasking; or, more recently, as a fictitious narrative necessary to maintaining the social order. Non-Marxist approaches split into three perspectives. The first sees ideology as abstract, closed and doctrinaire, largely impervious to empirical evidence and superimposed on a society. The second sees ideology as a series of empirically ascertainable attitudes towards political issues that can be explored by means of behavioral methods. The third views ideologies as indispensable mapping devices of cultural symbols and political concepts that constitute a crucial resource for understanding and shaping sociopolitical life. They compete over the ‘correct’ and legitimate meanings of political words and ideas, and by means of that control, over the high ground of politics.
- Capitalism
- Marxism
- Communism
- Socialism
- Totalitarism
- Fascims
- Nationalism
- Islamic Political Ideology
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